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Sharrukin ![]() Chieftain ![]() Joined: 04-Aug-2004 Status: Offline Points: 1134 |
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Here is an article relating Indo-Iranian influence on Uralic, Yeniseian, and BMAC, based upon archaeology and linguistics. Witzel may be reviled by some (especially Indians), but his scholarship is quite sound.
Edited by Sharrukin - 14-Dec-2008 at 17:54 |
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CiegaSordomud ![]() Housecarl ![]() Joined: 07-Aug-2008 Status: Offline Points: 40 |
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The BMAC origin of Indo-Iranian is only a hypothesis, there is nothing conclusive about it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMAC
Other arguments can be based on the current data. Even Iranists claims there is a non-IE substratum that is native to the region. |
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Chilbudios ![]() Arch Duke ![]() ![]() Joined: 11-May-2006 Status: Offline Points: 1899 |
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This article actually holds a wealth of information and arguments and also open issues on the IE and Indo-Iranian expansions.
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Sharrukin ![]() Chieftain ![]() Joined: 04-Aug-2004 Status: Offline Points: 1134 |
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I never said that Indo-Iranian originated in the BMAC, just as I've never said that BMAC originated from the Indo-Iranians. However, what we seem to be seeing is that BMAC was influenced by, and then superceded by cultures from the northern steppe. Given that there is an influence by Indo-Iranian specifically on the Uralic and Yeniseian languages, the implication is certainly there of contact with, and later supersession of BMAC, by Indo-Iranians.
As I've mentioned before there is already steppe penetration into BMAC regions. At first steppe pottery was certainly introduced into BMAC sites most likely from the Zeravshan Valley where there was a Sintashta-Petrovka presence, and then later from the Andronovian variant known as Alakul. Hence, there was certainly a trade going on. Later Andronovians migrated into the region just south of the Aral Sea establishing the Tazabagyab Culture. By 1800 BC Tazabagyab pottery was appearing in "post-BMAC" cities which have either declined in size or were neglected. By 1600 BC, BMAC was finally superceded by the Andronovian-derived steppe cultures, now including the Bishkent and Vaksh Cultures. So, you see, I really didn't need BMAC to prove an Indo-Iranian presence. Andronovo superceded BMAC. The cultures that descended from the southern Andronovo cultures directly led to historic presence of the Iranian tribes of the region.
Now considering the Indo-Iranian "loans" in Uralic and Yeniseian, the location was still most likely the steppe. In the absence of valid "other hypothesises" this one stands out at the very best quite conveniently.
Conversely we can also see loans of words from a culture familiar with irrigation and brick building into Common Indo-Iranian as well. The paramount deity Indra, for instance, bares a name which is not Indo-Iranian along with another 54 words identified by Alexander Lubotsky which were shared by both Iranic and Indo-Aryan, apparently before they splitted up. Since the Harappa cities were already abandoned, this leaves the cities of the BMAC culture, as the most likely candidates.
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Suren ![]() Arch Duke ![]() ![]() Chieftain Joined: 10-Feb-2006 Location: United States Status: Offline Points: 1673 |
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Anfører
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Seko ![]() Administrator ![]() ![]() Superfluous Enabler of Sekostan Joined: 01-Sep-2004 Location: United States Status: Offline Points: 8681 |
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banned from the forum.
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Copyright 2004 Seko
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Boreasi ![]() Consul ![]() ![]() Joined: 15-Sep-2006 Location: Norway Status: Offline Points: 300 |
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Major population movements, social structure, and caste endogamy have
influenced the genetic structure of Indian populations. An
understanding of these influences is increasingly important as gene
mapping and case-control studies are initiated in South Indian
populations.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/9/86/abstract |
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edgewaters ![]() Immortal Guard ![]() ![]() Joined: 13-Mar-2006 Location: Canada Status: Offline Points: 2396 |
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Economic domination is fairly easy to achieve without any major population movement; it's not like there's been any major population transfer from the US to hardly any other country, and yet the US economy globally dominates practically all other economies. Similarly, English has become a global lingua franca even in areas where the British never colonized. So you can throw this idea out the window - plainly it does not work. It is not necessary for there to be any signifigant movement of population for language (or economic dominance) to spread. This is hardly a modern phenomena either. In fact, you don't even need dominance. Sometimes the dominant even take on the language and culture of the dominated! I can think of quite a few examples of this - the Anglo-Normans in Ireland, for instance. Finally, both economic and military dominance can be achieved without any major population transfer at all. This happened all the time in the ancient world - the conquerors just formed a tiny elite. There was some movement of population, obviously, but not necessarily anything signifigant. Romans never settled in major numbers in places like Judea or Britain, for instance, and any genetic contribution they brought was so minimal as to be insignifigant. In the wake of Alexander, Hellenic culture and the Greek language dominated the Near East, but apart from Anatolia, there was never any signifigant population of Greeks settling in those areas. Edited by edgewaters - 15-Dec-2008 at 17:19 |
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Boreasi ![]() Consul ![]() ![]() Joined: 15-Sep-2006 Location: Norway Status: Offline Points: 300 |
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Like the Spanish took over Florida and Mexico with less than a legion of soldiers...
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dan_smith ![]() Immortal Guard ![]() Joined: 02-Apr-2009 Location: Hungary Status: Offline Points: 0 |
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The invention of the war chariots and the domestication of the horse 's nothing to do with the so called indo-europeans or indo-iranians.
The first people who did these things are the HURRIANS who speek an ugrian langauge which shows many similarity with the ancient caucasian langauge family(for example the hatti which became in the scythian 'confederacy' the name of the whole folk because the term askata-sakata-saketa-scytha-schütha is came from the term hatti-khatti-kheta with an S-SS phoneme). The hurrian langauge shows many similarity(and also the mitannian) with the vedic and sanskrit langauge but the logic which etimologies the words is very different. For example the aryan sun-god SURYA has very good analogies in the hurrian related kassite langauge. The kassite sun-god's name is SURIASH. The word sur mean in the urartian-hurrian-subarean langauge: lance, a weapon. In hungarian which has a very big substrate of the avar, avarhun, hunavar, onugor langauge this term mean 'to pick'. In hungarian the term sunstroke= NAP-SZÚR-ÁS nap-suriash sun-sun god suriash who picks our head.... If there was any invasion against norhern india and the indus valley civilization(after the 'deluge' because there were many before...) it is a cleare evidence that the hurrians and kassites are part of the army. But this not means that they speak sanskrit or there are any aryan aristocracy who mastered the subarean-hurrian folk... I show one example which shows that the logical conclusion is that the sanskrit has an hurrian superstrate some hurrian name: s'uvardata in sanskrit this means: *svarda_ta 'given by heaven' in hungarian it has the same meaning: sovar_gas adta(da-ad methatesis) sovar_adta given by wishfull The term SUVAR is the self name of the hurrians and also indicate the name of their ancestrical war-god ZABA(hungarian Csaba a mythical hero who mastered the armies of the milky way) biryawa_za (sanskrit: vi_ryava_ja 'having the prize of valour'), hungarian: bir-ja a java_kat having the goods, the good things(jó-jav=good). And an another: subandhu in slavic langauges the term zsupan is an office. They took it from the avars. In hungarian the word means: yammering but the ancient meaning is i think is very different. http://www.virtus.hu/user_gfx/20071112/tn_aid3486_20071112071313_176.jpeg This image shows the similaritiy between the hurrian-urartian and the sekler-hungarian runic script or hieroglyphal script. After the collapse of the hittite and hurrian-mitanni states they migrated to the tarim basin and to northern india(the kassites became kazars, in india: gujjar khazars) The ancient names of the tarim basin shows that the territory was inhabited during the centuries by the hurrites(Tolstov the great russian archeologist confirmed this theory). Orkhon runic scripture of the old-turkish langauge named the place APAR This name is the derivation of the word AVAR. Avar is the cognate of the hurri word ur-eur-iuri which means in hungarian lord. The word var=castle an fortress. Also the name chorezm is the form of the ethnic name hurri because it is the cognate of the subarean-suvarean ethnic name. Khorezm=khurrite. In sumerian kur=mountain, land. Also a similar word is the hurssag=mountain, land. Hungarian: orszag(land) and kormány(government). The ethnic name mitannian has also a very unknown but easily understoodable origin. They call themselves MADA, MATA. In hungarian this means also MEGYE(pronounced: med-ye)=shire and the ethnic name MAGYAR=MAD-JAR or madar(bird). The medieval hungarian chronicles say that the father of the hungarian nations(huns and maygars) NIMRUD the great king ruled over sinear, akkad and subartu. After a catastroph they went to persia, havilah(khorezm, uvar-azmiy and northern india, the real-ethiophia and KUS the hindukush). Nimrud is a hurrian related assyrian city(the assyrian folk is an subarean-semitic mixture i think). Also the hungarian grand-prince ARPAD has a very good analogi with the hurrian city-state ARPAD in syria. http://www.imninalu.net/maps_file/Hurrians.jpg I do not want tho speech against the persian superiority and the theory of the non-turkish non-ugric iranian horse-riding tribes who wandering between the great chinese wall and the great hungarian plain....but i think the relation of the ancient iranians, medes, mitannians, madas, hurrians, avars, chorezmians, parthians ugrians and so on....is a very difficult question and this question is the greatest problem troubled by the so called indogerman school(before this school was born the hungarians were scythian-related, after the school agressive campaign against the habsburg ruled hungarians the scythians became related to the great great aryan-german nation....) Edited by dan_smith - 02-Apr-2009 at 10:52 |
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dan_smith ![]() Immortal Guard ![]() Joined: 02-Apr-2009 Location: Hungary Status: Offline Points: 0 |
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The old-bulgar langauge are also an uar-avar-ugor with a very big ammount of persian-iranian words(but i don't know which word is iranian and which is hurrian. One example: var. The hungarian so called 'academist scientists' say that this name came from a persian word. But this word has very much different meaning and very much different form:
par, parancsolni-to command var-to stand var-fortress avar-ethnic name ur-lord ar-shining, flood, wealth arany-gold bar-át-friend uartian: e-ur-e=lord god, creator=UR) Edited by dan_smith - 02-Apr-2009 at 11:03 |
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dan_smith ![]() Immortal Guard ![]() Joined: 02-Apr-2009 Location: Hungary Status: Offline Points: 0 |
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"Imagine if all the non-Indo-Europeans, non-Afro-Asiatics would stand up and unite?
The non-Islamic Turks, Hungarians, Chechens, Caucasians, and others who are genetic descendants of the Sumerians, Hurrians, Etruscans, Minoans, Elamites, Kassites, etc who are R1a and G carriers. They will start to demand a lot of recognition." Unfortunatley I found nothing about the genetic links between these people and the ural-altayic people. I found something about the sekler-kabars. An article said that they have iranian genes(I think this means: chorezmian which is the crossroad between the turko-ugro-scythian world and the iranian) If you know something about this please send me some link.... |
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Indian Pathan ![]() Janissary ![]() ![]() Joined: 07-Apr-2009 Location: New Delhi, Indi Status: Offline Points: 16 |
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Indian Pathan ![]() Janissary ![]() ![]() Joined: 07-Apr-2009 Location: New Delhi, Indi Status: Offline Points: 16 |
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No body is superior to other, the wealth sometime is here then there. No body is permanent here in this world. In India, I normally heard that Aryans to to this land but not found perfect reasons to believe except one, there is a big difference in color between North Indians and South Indians. And lower cast, even in north India have a different color. So, I think, South Indians and the lower cast (Dalit) should be the original Indians before arrivals of "Aryasns", can anyone please reveal in details this case, thanks.
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fantasus ![]() Samurai ![]() ![]() Joined: 07-May-2009 Location: denmark Status: Offline Points: 111 |
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There is not the slightest doubt that the origin of the "latin" languages is the ancient latin of the romans. Still we may dioubt whether the majority of "latin" Europeans and south americans are very much genetically related to central italians of antiquity. The same may be true about the englissh, not to say those who have english as first language - how related to the "invaders" of late roman times do You expect them to be? Powerfull and prestigious invaders or "immigrants" can change language and culturural traiths even if they are not a majority (the same about arabs).
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pinguin ![]() Editorial Staff ![]() ![]() Joined: 29-Sep-2006 Location: Chile Status: Offline Points: 7508 |
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Why shouldn't we be related to the ancient Romans of the antiquity?
Indeed, if you say "Latin" the matter is tricky, because how many Italians are Latin? Nobody knows from sure. But if you say Roman, as a citizen of the Roman Empire, then chances are very high that most people of Latin Europe, and also Latin America have at least an obscure ancestor in the Roman Empire.
By the way, you could never understand the Spanish Reconquista and even the Spanish Inquisition, whitout knowing the fact that Spaniards of the time believed they were descendents of Romans, and were fighting to restablish a "Rome" (Known as Christianity at that time). Hispania, after all, was the name of a main Roman Province, a place were three important Roman Emperors were born, besides Seneca,
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"He who attempts to count the stars, not even knowing how to count the knots of the 'quipus'(counting string), ought to be held in derision."
Inca Pachacutec (1438-1471) |
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fantasus ![]() Samurai ![]() ![]() Joined: 07-May-2009 Location: denmark Status: Offline Points: 111 |
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The Romans descends as far as I know from wolflings(adopted). They preferred Eagles, perhaps because they did not know about Southamerican or Antarctic Pinguins(Sorry if I have missed any late detection of central italian ones)?
Is not russians (or albanians) "romans" too? Even with double headed (janus?)eagles.
And what about the "romans" of Asia minor? Very prolific people those romans!
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